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  • Graphs: Home
    • Graphs: Overview
    • Graphs: Introduction
      • Graphs: Grouping Information
      • Graphs: Main Idea
      • Graphs: The Vocabulary of Numbers
      • Graphs: Vocabulary
      • Graphs: Types of Graphs
      • Graphs: Organization
    • Graphs: London Underground
    • US Spending
    • Arab Computer Use
    • Graphs: HCT Graduates
    • Oil Production
    • Fertility Rates
    • Graphs: Heart Attacks
    • Fish Catches
    • Dubai Tourism
    • Gold Sales
    • Taiwan Internet Use
    • Multiple Graphs
      • Coffee Production
      • Electricity Production
      • Graphs: UAE Health Statistics
      • Graphs: Doctor Visits
  • Cause and Effect: Home
    • Cause and Effect: Rainforest
    • Cause and Effect: Hunger
    • Cause and Effect: Outline
    • Cause and Effect: Obesity
    • Cause and Effect: Fast Food
    • Cause and Effect: Traffic (2)
    • Cause and Effect: Traffic (1)
    • Cause and Effect: Matching Exercise
    • Essay: The Marriage Fund in the UAE
    • Essay: Telecommuting
  • Problem and Solution
    • Drug Abuse: Ideas for essay
    • Drug Abuse: Layout
    • Drug Abuse: Essay
    • Essay: Early School Leavers (1)
    • Essay: Early school-leavers (2)
  • IELTS Speaking
    • IELTS Speaking: Part 1
    • IELTS Speaking: Part 2
    • IELTS Speaking: Part 3
    • IELTS Speaking: Questions
  • PET Speaking
    • PET Speaking: Astronauts
    • PET Speaking: Runners
    • PET Speaking: New Arrivals
    • PET Speaking: At the Airport
    • PET Speaking: Filming
    • PET Speaking: Hospital Visit
    • PET Speaking: In the Canoe
    • PET Speaking: London
    • PET Speaking: Apples
    • PET Speaking: Barbeque (1)
    • PET Speaking: Barbeque (2)
    • PET Speaking: The Fish
    • PET Speaking: A New Baby
    • PET Speaking: The Red Card
    • PET Speaking: Visitors
    • PET Speaking: Waiting
  • Forum: Your Essays
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Argument essays, graphs, other writing, and speaking for IELTS, PET, and TOEFL

Argument Essays

  • About Argument Essays
    • Five Steps
    • Vocabulary
      • Vocabulary
      • Vocabulary: Zoos
    • Getting Ideas
      • Getting Ideas
      • Ideas: Who are the better parents?
      • Ideas: Money as a Motivator
      • Ideas: Children & Physical Punishment
      • Ideas: Drug Abuse
      • Ideas: Education is Good
      • Ideas: Education is Bad
      • Ideas: Scientists or Politicians
    • Essay Layout
      • 3773 Layout
      • 35553 Layout
      • 3773 Layout: When Children Behave Badly
      • 3773 Layout: Drug Abuse
    • Arguments: Two Sides
  • Parts of an Essay
    • Parts of an Essay
    • The Introduction
      • The Introduction
      • Introductions: Is Money a Good Motivator?
      • Introductions: Protecting the Environment
    • The Thesis Sentence
    • The Body
      • The Body: Use Paragraphs!
      • The Body
    • The Conclusion
      • The Conclusion
      • Conclusions: Examples
    • The Domino Effect: Ideas
    • Fragments
    • Comma Splices
    • Check your work
    • Quotes, Quotations
  • Essay List: Older
    • When Should People Retire?
    • Animal Testing
      • Animal Testing: 1
      • Animal Testing: 2
      • Animal Testing: 3
    • Should we punish children?
      • Children and Discipline: 1
      • Children & Physical Punishment
    • Early School-leavers
    • Should we ban dangerous sports?
      • Dangerous Sports: Yes
      • Dangerous Sports: No
    • Should Parents Pay?
    • Is Education Valuable?
      • Education: Less Valuable Now
      • Education: Still Valuable?
      • Education: Too Many People with Degrees!
    • Do Degrees Make Us Happy?
    • Home Schooling
    • Security Cameras and Privacy
    • Sharing with a Roommate
    • Media and Privacy
      • Should Smoking Be Banned?
      • Media and Privacy: 1
      • Media and Privacy: 2
    • Should rich countries help poor?
    • Spending on Art
      • Spending on Art: 1
      • Spending on Art: 2
    • Essay: Telecommuting
    • Who learns faster?
  • Links
    • General Links
    • Older Essays
    • Essay Forum
    • IELTS Essay Topics
    • TWE Topics
    • Essay Topics and Tags
    • Speaking: Questions and Youtube!
    • Bookstore
  • New Essays
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Graphs and Speaking

  • Graphs: Home
    • Graphs: Overview
    • Graphs: Introduction
      • Graphs: Grouping Information
      • Graphs: Main Idea
      • Graphs: The Vocabulary of Numbers
      • Graphs: Vocabulary
      • Graphs: Types of Graphs
      • Graphs: Organization
    • Graphs: London Underground
    • US Spending
    • Arab Computer Use
    • Graphs: HCT Graduates
    • Oil Production
    • Fertility Rates
    • Graphs: Heart Attacks
    • Fish Catches
    • Dubai Tourism
    • Gold Sales
    • Taiwan Internet Use
    • Multiple Graphs
      • Coffee Production
      • Electricity Production
      • Graphs: UAE Health Statistics
      • Graphs: Doctor Visits
  • Cause and Effect: Home
    • Cause and Effect: Rainforest
    • Cause and Effect: Hunger
    • Cause and Effect: Outline
    • Cause and Effect: Obesity
    • Cause and Effect: Fast Food
    • Cause and Effect: Traffic (2)
    • Cause and Effect: Traffic (1)
    • Cause and Effect: Matching Exercise
    • Essay: The Marriage Fund in the UAE
    • Essay: Telecommuting
  • Problem and Solution
    • Drug Abuse: Ideas for essay
    • Drug Abuse: Layout
    • Drug Abuse: Essay
    • Essay: Early School Leavers (1)
    • Essay: Early school-leavers (2)
  • IELTS Speaking
    • IELTS Speaking: Part 1
    • IELTS Speaking: Part 2
    • IELTS Speaking: Part 3
    • IELTS Speaking: Questions
  • PET Speaking
    • PET Speaking: Astronauts
    • PET Speaking: Runners
    • PET Speaking: New Arrivals
    • PET Speaking: At the Airport
    • PET Speaking: Filming
    • PET Speaking: Hospital Visit
    • PET Speaking: In the Canoe
    • PET Speaking: London
    • PET Speaking: Apples
    • PET Speaking: Barbeque (1)
    • PET Speaking: Barbeque (2)
    • PET Speaking: The Fish
    • PET Speaking: A New Baby
    • PET Speaking: The Red Card
    • PET Speaking: Visitors
    • PET Speaking: Waiting
  • Forum: Your Essays
  • About
    • About
    • Comments

Graphs: Types of Graphs

This is part of a short introduction to writing about Graphs.

  • Overview
  • Graphs: Getting the Main Idea
  • Graphs: Grouping Information
  • Graph Vocabulary: Words
  • Graph Vocabulary: Numbers
  • Types of Graphs

You are likely to meet only two types of graphs in IELTS or other intermediate English tests – time and comparison graphs. (Sometimes you can get both in the same test!)

  • In time graphs you have to describe changes over time.
  • In comparison graphs you have to compare different items – countries, people, products, places, etc.

The vocabulary for each kind of graph is different:

  • In time graphs you use time vocab to describe change: rose, fell, declined, shot up, increased, remained steady, etc.
  • In comparison graphs you compare: twice as much as, more than, less than, the same amount, both X and Y have the same figure, etc.

Time Graphs

Here is a time graph.

You have to compare different methods of transport used in the US over the last century – train, bus and air.

You could start with

  • train (because it is the oldest method)
  • by air (because it is the biggest method of public transport today.)
  • However, don’t start with bus because it is very small and not the main idea

The main trend with rail transport is that it rose to a peak in the 1920s and 1930s and then declined.

The main trend with air is that it started late, in the 1960s, but it has shot up to become by far the biggest carrier of passengers.

Comparison Graphs

Here is a comparison graph.

You have to compare the amount of water used for domestic, agricultural and industrial purposes.

There are two ways to write about this graph:

  • by country (make groups, e.g. Saudi Arabia and Oman, which have mainly agricultural use, then Bahrain and Kuwait which have mainly domestic use, etc)
  • by use (Agriculture, then Domestic, then Industrial.)

If you decide to write by describing use, you could start with Agriculture because it is the biggest user. Group together Saudi Arabia and Oman as the top users, and then group UAE and Qatar as the middle group of users, using 60% of water for agriculture. Finally mention Bahrain and Kuwait.

Your second paragraph should be about Domestic use, the use of water in the home, because it is the second biggest use. Start with Kuwait and Bahrain (grouped together) (more than 50%) and then write about Qatar and the UAE.

More Stuff!

  • You can find a lot (a LOT!) more on comparison graphs and time graphs at the Abu Dhabi Men’s College writing website. These two symbols – and – are used there to indicate time graphs and comparison graphs.

Next:

  • An Overview of Writing about Graphs

Try this IELTS essay!

Do foreign workers benefit the host country? (long) In many countries, foreign labour is an important part of the economy. What are some of the benefits and disadvantages for the economy of having workers from outside the country?
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